Effects of pollution of saline soils with oil and oil products on soil physical properties

Abstract

In the article, pollution of saline soils with oil and oil products, physical and water-physical properties depending on the level of salinity are studied. As a result of the research, it is scientifically based that the increase in the level of contamination of the soil is subject to the decrease in water permeability, and the decrease in the level of pollution is subject to the law of the increase in water permeability. In the article, weakly, moderately, strongly and very strongly contaminated soils with oil were studied. According to the results, it was determined that the water permeability of the soil was observed in 25, 45, 45, 37, 5, 3, 2 minutes, and it carried 75, 26, 44, 45, 540, 1050, 1200 ml of water, respectively, for 90 minutes. The amount of water transfer compared to the control soil for 90 minutes was less in 1%, 2%, 5% contaminated soils, and very high in 15%, 25% and 37.5% contaminated soils. The increase in the level of pollution is explained by the deterioration of water permeability and moisture retention. Also, due to the fact that oil is a viscous organic pollutant, the changes of 0.25, 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7, 10 mm microaggregates, which are important for soil fertility, as a result of pollution, and changes in the amount of these microaggregates were also determined. It was found that the soils around the South Mirshodi oil field were previously contaminated and the amount of microaggregates smaller than 0.25 mm, 0.25 mm, 1 mm, 2 mm and 3 mm in the irrigated soils increased as the distance from the source of contamination increased. This is explained by the decrease in the concentration of oil in the soil. The amount of 5 mm, 7 mm and 10 mm aggregates has decreased. A similar situation was observed around the Kumkurgan oil base. The effect of petroleum hydrocarbons is more noticeable in microaggregates with a diameter of 10 mm.