Water retention curve of clayey sands determined from pore structure by using various methods

Abstract

Besides standard approaches, the soil water retention curve (SWRC) can be estimated either from pore size distribution obtained by mercury intrusion porosimetry or from the soil freezing characteristic curve. These methods are based on simplified laws such as Young-Laplace for capillary suction or ClausiusClapeyron for cryo-suction. These laws might not be valid for clayey sands where the presence of clay particles would induce other water retention mechanisms. This study aims to assess the clay content's effect on the validity of these two methods in determining the SWRC of clayey sands. Clay sands were prepared at different clay contents by mixing pure sand with kaolin clay prior to compaction at the Proctor maximum dry density. Five clay contents (dry mass of clay divided by dry mass of soil) were considered (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%). The reference SWRC was obtained by standard suction measurements. The results show that SWRCs estimated from mercury intrusion porosimetry and soil freezing characteristic curve are generally in agreement with the reference SWRC. However, the results obtained by the soil freezing characteristic curve are limited in terms of suction range (500 to 5 MPa) which is not appropriate for clayey sands, while those from mercury intrusion porosimetry show significant discrepancy because of the structure heterogeneity obtained by Proctor compaction.