Investigation of Origanum compactum essential oil for analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities

Abstract

Origanum compactum Benth. has been widely used in moroccan traditional medicine for various therapeutic treatments. Belonging to the same genus, O. onites was found to have marked analgesic and anti-inflammatory activities. The aim of this work is to evaluate theses pharmacological properties of the essential oil of O. compactum in order to provide a basis for the folkloric use of the plant. Aerial parts of plant were subjected to steam distillation, according to the French Pharmacopoeia. Male OF1 mice and male Wistar rats were used for these studies. The analgesic effect was done using Writhing test in mice and Tail-Flick test in rats. The mechanism investigation was evaluated employing an antagonism assay using naloxone, a specific antagonist of opiate receptors. Anti- inflammatory property has been studied using carrageenin and experimental trauma induced edema in rats. The essential oil of the aerial parts of Origanum compactum was found to exert central analgesic properties. Such a dose-dependent action was obtained against chemical and thermic stimuli, respectively, from the doses of 6.25 and 12.5 mg/kg and it was inhibited by a naloxone pretreatment, a specific morphinic antagonist compound. Significant and dose-dependent anti-inflammatory effects were observed on an acute inflammatory process from the dose of 100 mg/kg.