Modern Technologies of Alkalized and Sodic Soils Reclamation

Abstract

The technology of desalination of fine-textured soils using deep tillage, leaching operations and chemical reclamation agents includes the calculation of doses of ameliorants and leaching requirements, methods and timing of reclamation, soil treatment, selection of crops, and the need for fertilizers on reclamation lands. The stages of preparation of the fields before the application of ameliorants are reviewed. Initially, the fields are divided into lots, the location of loose ameliorants clamps is determined. The options for overall and selective land reclamation are considered. When conducting selective reclamation, it is necessary to locate the solonetzic spots and mark them with range poles. The options for cultivating the soil of irrigated lands characterized by increased density of the subsurface soil horizon of more than 1.4 t/m3 are reviewed. The most pressed are the solonetzic soils with a poor structure or without it. The most preferred methods of cultivating degraded soils (deep loosening or plowing) are identified, which are one of the necessary techniques to provide the greatest depth, degree and speed of soil desalinization. The options for leaching of chloride-sulfate loamy soils, chloride-sulfate salinization and soda salinization are considered.