Impact of climate change on the fauna of passerines (Passeriformes) in urbanized ecosystems of southern Kyrgyzstan

Abstract

The article examines the impact of climate change on the fauna of passerines (Passeriformes) in the urbanized ecosystems of southern Kyrgyzstan. The study was carried out using the method of line transects (route censuses). In the urbanized ecosystems of southern Kyrgyzstan, 84 species of passerines belonging to 19 families and 34 genera have been identified. According to the nature of their stay, there are 29 nestling, 9 wintering, 9 transient, 1 vagrant, and 36 sedentary species. The transition of bird species into the category of “sedentary” was established: previously considered a migrant species - the yellow wagtail (Motacilla flava) and nestling - the common starling (Sturnus vulgaris), blue-headed (Motacilla citreola) and masked wagtail (Motacilla personata). An analysis of the distribution of birds by biotopes, their population density, quantitative indicators by season and the nature of their stay was carried out. The avifaunal formation of urban ecosystems mainly occurs due to birds inhabiting natural and transformed biotopes in the urban surroundings. It has been proven that the formation of avifauna depends on the nature of the presence of birds, seasonal migrations, the abundance and nature of food, the availability of nesting sites, and “disturbance factors.” Their adaptation is directly related to the species of birds arriving from agricultural areas, hilly, steppe biotopes, sylvi- and petricol landscapes. According to ecological groups, 16 species of birds belong to urbophiles, and 21 species belong to urbophobes.