Effect of trees shaping methods on productivity and harvest quality in intensive apple orchards

Abstract

Our experiments on determining the effect of cutting and shaping branches on the productivity of low-growing apple orchards showed that the quality of cutting trees and the shape of the branches depend on the level of illumination. Based on it, it will be possible to think about the level of intensity of a particular garden, the productivity of photosynthesis and the final result, that is, a high yield. The more moderate the light pattern of the assimilation level of the gardens, the better the photosynthesis and the higher the productivity. This is directly related to the regular and scientific way of cutting trees and the quality of its implementation. This article presents scientifically based information on the study of the influence of the methods of giving shape to trees in intensive apple orchards on the quality of fruits. Depending on the average yield per tree, the highest yield per unit area compared to the control was recorded in the variant plants shaped by the Sparse-tier palmette method according to the rule. In this method of shaping, the yield of the Golden Delicious variety increased from 17.1 t/ha to 23.7 t/ha over the years. In the introduced winter variety Fuji, the highest yield was observed in the Italian palmette method. In this formative method, the productivity increased from 18.7 to 25.8 t/ha according to the research years, which allowed to grow an additional crop by 3.6-4.1 t/ha compared to the control option.