Enhanced Routing Protocol for Health Monitoring in Urban Traffic Networks via VANET: Analyzing IW-GeoR Against WGeoR

Abstract

The primary aim of this initiative is to establish an effective routing system for managing both human-induced and natural calamities using a Wireless Body Sensor Network (WBSN) integrated with VANET within urban traffic networks. This is accomplished through a comparison between the Weighed Geographic Routing (WGeoR) protocol and the Improved Weighed Geographical Routing (IWGeoR) protocol, targeting minimized packet loss and reduced delay. The IWGeoR protocol stands out by efficiently selecting cluster heads to mitigate delay and packet loss, considering various factors such as differences in vehicle speeds, inter-vehicle distances, and traffic mobility. The protocol’s effectiveness relies on innovative node degrees, channel quality, proximity factors, and communication connection expiration times. For this study, twenty samples (n=20) were gathered from each of the two groups using diverse vehicles. Clinical.com established a pre-test power of 80% (G-power) for each group, with alpha and beta coefficients set at 0.05 and 0.2 respectively, in order to assess the protocol’s performance in terms of packet loss and average latency. The simulation outcomes indicate that the IWGeoR protocol surpasses the WGeoR protocol in crucial metrics such as packet loss and mean delay. Specifically, the IWGeoR protocol reduces packet loss by 10.77% and delay by 31.03%. The Independent Sample T-test calculates a significant p-value of 0.001 for the IWGeoR and WGeoR protocols, demonstrating statistical significance (p<0.005). Based on experimental findings and the Independent Sample T-test, the proposed IWGeoR protocol has demonstrated superior performance compared to the WGeoR protocol.