Study of the timing and duration of individual phases of the development of introduced cultivars of nectarine and their resistance to leaf curliness

Abstract

The disease curly leaves (Taphrina deformans Berk.) leads to a weakening of the nectarine plant, a decrease in its yield. This study was conducted in order to study the resistance to this disease of new cultivars of nectarines for Azerbaijan, such as Redhaven, Gardeta and Luciano. 15 fruit-bearing trees of each cultivar were taken under observation at the experimental farm of the Research Institute of Fruit and Tea Growing, located near the city of Guba. It was found that the period from the beginning to the end of flowering in varieties is the same – 9 days in 2021 and 14 in 2022. The beginning of leaf bud blooming in 2021 fell on 18-19.III, in 2022 – on 23-24.III. Although in 2021 nectarines of all varieties bloomed 5 days earlier (23-24.III) than in 2022, in the first year the fruits of all varieties ripened in mid-July, in the second - at the end of June (Redhaven and Gardeta) and at the end of the first decade of July (Luciano). In 2022, Redhaven and Gardeta's leaves began to fall 5 and 3 days later, and Luciano's leaves began to fall a month earlier (25.XI) than in 2021. According to the degree of prevalence of curly leaves, the cultivars are arranged in the following order: Luciano 4.6%, Gardeta 4.9% and Redhaven 5.2%. The results obtained help to better understand the characteristics of new varieties of nectarines for the region.