Water quality analysis in the system of rational use of natural resources (using the example of the Rostov region)

Abstract

Water is the most valuable natural resource. The rapid development of human life and the careless use of water resources leads to the accumulation of chemicals, biological and physical substances that are not present in clean waterways. Such problems have become too vital, as without water, humanity cannot exist. State monitoring of water bodies (Roshydromet monitors 4,000 points - on rivers, lakes and reservoirs) includes surface waters of land, seas, water management systems and structures (including reservoirs). In Russia, almost all reservoirs are subject to anthropogenic influence. The water quality in most of them does not meet regulatory requirements. Multi-year observations of the dynamics of the quality of surface waters have revealed a trend towards an increase in their pollution. Every year, the number of sites with a high level of water pollution (more than 10 MPCs) and the number of cases of extremely high pollution of water bodies (over 100 MPCs) is increasing. The Rostov Region ranks 43rd out of 85 in terms of availability of quality drinking water. Due to natural hydrogeological features, in some rural and urban settlements there is no access to surface and underground sources of quality water. In order to further improve the effectiveness of water treatment and quality at water supply facilities, three new installations for additional water treatment using special reagents are planned to be put into operation by the end of May this year. The ecological problem of using water resources is relevant to the present day and is of universal importance. If water resources are used irrationally, the quality of water in water bodies will deteriorate, which will lead to a global catastrophe. Therefore, the quality of water in the system of rational use of natural resources should come first.