Influence of buildings’ height and density on climatic indicators of urban environment

Abstract

The height of buildings and the layout of territories are among the factors influencing various climatic conditions of the city. This area of research is relevant, given the current trend of urbanization of spaces. The conditions formed during the construction and further operation of cities have a significant impact on the condition of a person living in this territory. Also, an important factor is the coverage of the road network. The correctness of the choice of approach to building does not always occur with the accuracy with which it should, which leads to various deviations. There are different types of territory layout: compact, free, group, and mixed. When considering the height of buildings, there are such types as low-rise, medium-rise and high-rise buildings. The city of Krasnodar has historical prerequisites for low-rise buildings, no higher than the crowns of trees. However, with the development of the city, this arrangement of the territory changed to a high-rise one, which affected various living conditions of people. The type of building and the roadbed also affect the temperature regime of the city, as a result of which various deviations from the norms may occur. In the city of Krasnodar, various thermal anomalies are observed due to the heterogeneity of the building. When studying the city's territories and temperature data, various deviations are traced, thanks to which it is clear that in areas with low buildings the temperature is more comfortable for a person, which cannot be said about other areas where taller buildings prevail. It has been established that when studying biospheric conditions on the territory of the city of Krasnodar, the most suitable type of layout is free, and low-rise buildings have a more positive effect on the climate than other types.