Study of the adaptability of scion-rootstock combinations of plum tree to temperature stressors in the Krasnodar Territory

Abstract

The relevance of the research is due to a change in the strength, frequency and direction of harmful weather stresses associated with climate change, which has an extremely negative effect on the general condition and productivity of plants, disrupts the conditions for the exit of plants from the dormant stage, while accelerating the rate of spring development. The rise of positive temperatures in the autumn period delays the entry of plants into the phase of organic dormancy, impairing their preparation for the winter. This paper provides an assessment of the adaptive response of the optimal course of growth and development of scion-rootstock combinations (SRC), taking into account changes in environmental conditions. The complexity of interaction mechanisms in the “scion-rootstock-environment” system is presented. Analysis of variance has shown that quantitative traits have complex genetic systems, which are characterized by multivariance of the reaction associated with multilevel redefinition of the genetic organization of quantitative traits of the SRC when changing the environmental limits. The value of the work is in the fact that the selected objects are perennial fruit crops, which are an interacting complex of two genotypes. The best combinations of grafts and rootstocks in the studied varieties in the specific environmental conditions and with given growing technologies were identified: Stanley / PK SK 1, Stanley / Druzhba, Renklod Donetskiy-1 / Evrika 99, Renklod Donetskiy-1 / cherry plum, Milena / Evrika 99 The highest-yielding under the changed conditions, and hence the most adaptive, were the combinations of plum variety Stanley on the rootstocks of PK SK 1 and Druzhba.