Some results of breeding in the genus Ribes L. in the Asian part of Russia

Abstract

Black currant is the main berry crop due to the rich biochemical composition of the fruit, winter hardiness, early fruitfulness, high yield, unpretentiousness in reproduction and cultivation. The purpose of the work was to summarize the results of the work on black currant breeding in the breeding centers of the Urals and Siberia. The article reflects the historical development of black currant breeding in Asian Russia. Academician M.A. Lisavenko developed a strategy for creating varieties of three types by origin, combining valuable economic and biological traits in hybrids. Varieties of the first type are obtained from crosses of Western European varieties created on the basis of Ribes nigrum var. europaeum Jancz., with the variety ‘Primorsky Champion’ (R. dikuscha Fisch. ex Turcz.). The second type of varieties is obtained from crossing selected forms of R. nigrum var. sibiricum W. Wolf with the variety ‘Primorsky Champion’ (R. dikuscha). The third type of varieties is derived from the crossing of forms and varieties of two varieties of R. nigrum – R. nigrum var. europaeum and R. nigrum var. sibiricum W. Wolf. The main assortment of black currant in the Asian part of Russia was created by scientists at the Novosibirsk Zonal Horticulture Station, at the Research Institute of Horticulture of Siberia n.a. M.A. Lisavenko and Bashkir Research Institute of Agriculture. Systematic improvement of the assortment is the main way to increase the intensity of gardening and increase the production of berries. The contribution of breeders to the creation of adapted varieties is shown.