Jizzakh Steppe: Climatic conditions, composition and type of soil

Abstract

This article focuses on the climatic conditions and soil composition of the Jizzakh massif, specifically examining the hydrogeological aspects related to irrigation. Three hydrogeological zones are identified based on the nature of the lithological composition of water-bearing rocks, groundwater nutrition and consumption, accuracy, depth of occurrence, and mineralization. These factors are critical in determining the main reclamation measures necessary for effective irrigation in the Jizzakh massif under natural conditions. In terms of soil salinity, the predominant nature of salinity throughout the massif is sulfate. The degree of soil salinity is reported to be 2-3% or more, with a chlorine content of 0.1% or higher. The highest salt content is observed in the upper part of the soil, particularly in the first tens of centimeters. This indicates significant salinity challenges that need to be addressed for successful agricultural practices. The depth of groundwater in these areas is noted to be within critical values across all periods. This suggests that careful management of groundwater resources is essential to prevent further salinization of soils and ensure sustainable irrigation practices.