Monitoring Trends of SO2 level Using Time-Series Sentinel-5 Images Based on Google Earth Engine

Abstract

This research delves into an extensive examination of Sulphur dioxide (SO2) column density patterns within the Tashkent region, Uzbekistan, employing advanced spatial analysis techniques facilitated by Google Earth Engine (GEE) and leveraging high-resolution Sentinel-5P satellite data. The investigation spans the critical years of 2019 and 2023, meticulously scrutinizing monthly maximum and mean SO2 values to elucidate nuanced temporal trends -and spatial distributions. The comprehensive analysis divulges a multifaceted narrative of air quality dynamics, particularly unveiling pronounced spatial heterogeneity in SO2 emissions across the Tashkent region. Notably, the southern expanse emerges as a focal point of heightened SO2 concentration, prominently linked to the extensive presence of industrial complexes and manufacturing facilities. Moreover, a distinct circular pattern of elevated SO2 concentrations concentrically encircling the capital city, Tashkent. This spatial anomaly is attributed to a numerous of anthropogenic factors, prominently including the combustion of fossil fuels within greenhouse infrastructures, compounded by the escalating vehicular emissions stemming from the increasing urban populace and its concomitant resource consumption patterns.