Compacted crops of medicinal and essential oil crops

Abstract

The characteristics of the growth and development of medicinal and essential oil plants in mono and compacted crops in open ground were studied. Compacted cropping involves the joint cultivation of two (binary) or more crops in one field. Compared to monospecies crops, this method effectively solves the problems of increasing productivity and plant resistance to stress. Purpose of the work: to establish the allelopathic effect of medicinal and essential oil plants in dense sowing. The experimental methodology included the joint cultivation in open ground of medicinal main crops - spearmint (Menthaspicata L.), lemon balm (Melissaofficinalis L.), garden strawberry (Fragariachiloensis L.), and calendula officinalis (Calendulaofficinalis L.) were chosen as complementary crops.), dill (Anethumgraveolens L.). Compacted crops significantly reduce the intensity of transpiration and stomatal conductivity of the main crops. The intensity of photosynthesis largely depends on the species characteristics of the plants, so strawberry plants in binary crops increased photosynthetic activity, while mint and lemon balm on the contrary, they increased the intensity of photosynthesis during monospecies cultivation. According to the results of the studies, the inhibitory effect of calendula officinalis plants in binary crops with lemon balm, spearmint, and garden strawberries was established. At the same time, the use of dill in binary crops increases the yield of spearmint and lemon balm.