Spatial and Temporal analysis of Landsat data to Retrieve the NDWI, NDVI and Land Surface Temperature by thermal remote sensor: A case study of Hyderabad Metropolitan City, Telangana

Abstract

Urban areas endure larger variations in ground surface temperature, vegetation, and water content than rural areas do due to the accelerated rise of technology, urbanization, and industrialization. These challenges could be investigated by using GIS and remote sensing tools. Using “LANDSAT 5 and LANDSAT 8 OLI/TIRS” data for Hyderabad from 2000 to 2020, this study evaluates changes in vegetation, water availability, and land surface temperature. Variations in NDVI, NDWI, and LST have been observed over time as a result of research on several parameters.Indices of water and vegetation are examined in this study where the Vegetation declined from 0.73006 to 0.49419 between 2000 and 2020, whereas water quantity decreased from 0.7979 to 0.4901 until 2010, at which point it progressively climbed to 0.7015 by that year. Likewise, studies on LST have demonstrated a connection between LST and NDWI. After rising to 40.9°C in 2010 from 39.8°C in 2000, temperatures decreased to 40°C in 2015 and 39.8°C in 2020.This work shows that LST, NDWI and NDVI can be accurately computed using GIS and remote sensing, which is helpful for environmental research and studies.