Seed productivity and adaptability potential of varieties and promising lines of sainfoin in the south of the Rostov region

Abstract

Esparcet is not inferior to alfalfa in terms of fodder mass productivity, its nutritional value, content of protein and other nutrients. The main tasks in creating varieties of sainfoin are the selection of new, with high productivity of green mass and seeds, ecologically adapted, with a sufficiently high plasticity to a wide variation in the environmental conditions of its cultivation zones, varieties. The purpose of the research is to assess the plasticity, stability, stress resistance, genetic flexibility and homeostaticity of varieties and promising lines of sainfoin on the basis of “seed yield”. The studies were carried out in 2017-2021. Plot area 20 m2, fourfold repetition, seeding rate 500 pcs. germinating seeds per 1 m2. Seed harvesting was carried out by direct combining. Over the years of research, the seed yield was higher for the Atamansky 20 variety (0.86 t/ha) and the promising lines Sin 3/2004 (0.88 t/ha), Sin 5/2010 (0.91 t/ha) and Sin 3 /2010 (0.94 t/ha). It was established that varieties Veles (bi = 0.15), Atamansky (bi = 0.29) and Zernogradsky 2 (bi = 0.32) react poorly to changing conditions. The values of the stability coefficient of the studied varieties and lines varied from 0.0009 to 0.0076. The sainfoin varieties Sudar (σd2 = 0.0009), Atamansky (σd2 = 0.0010), Veles (σd2 = 0.0015) have the highest stability. The varieties of sainfoin Atamansky, Sudar, Atamansky 20 and Veles were distinguished by wide homeostaticity. they have high plasticity, stability and stress resistance.