Modern state of use of solar desalination

Abstract

Water is the most necessary resource for mankind, animals and plants. Although 71% of the Earth’s surface is covered by water, 97% of it is salt water, that is, water that is not suitable for consumption. Also, continuous pollution of surface and underground water is increasing the shortage of drinking water. In solving the above problems, desalination of salt water is an important way of increasing drinking water resources. However, the high energy consumption, increased greenhouse gas emissions, large amounts of wastewater and the high cost of fresh water in desalination limit the widespread adoption of desalination technology in the industry. To solve these limitations, solar energy, which is one of the renewable energy sources, is environmentally friendly, ubiquitous, convenient to use, safe and sustainable. Currently, several constructions of SD are proposed, the main part of which is a pool construction. This research paper presents the results of comparison of the constructional structures of one- and two-basin SD, their heat-technical parameters, device productivity and economic indicators.