Productive and adaptive potentials of Renet Simirenko variety on rootstocks with different growth rates in arid conditions

Abstract

This article presents the results of the economic and biological assessment of the Renet Simirenko variety grown on rootstocks of different growth rates under conditions of insufficient moisture and high thermal stress in the arid zone of the Northern Caspian region. The purpose of the research is to study and identify scion-rootstock combinations of the Renet Simirenko variety, which most fully realize the potential of productivity, early maturity, and resistance to unfavorable environmental factors. Studied variety grew more intensively on dwarf rootstocks (SK4, SK7), semi-dwarf (SK2, SK5), and average height 54-118, restrained growth of tree-holes was provided by dwarf rootstocks SK3, P16, P59, P60. In most combinations of dwarf and semi-dwarf rootstocks, flowering began in the year of planting, fruiting - in the second year of garden growth, which indicates the potential of early maturity. Rootstocks SK3, SK4, SK2, and 54-118 provided the maximum average and total yield of marketable fruiting in comparison with the control for 7 years. In the Astrakhan region, it is advisable to grow the Renet Simirenko variety on low-growing rootstocks SK3, SK4, SK2, and average growth 54-118, the most resistant to the destabilizing factors of the climate of the arid zone and providing high regularity.