Creation and study of Russian plum varieties in the Middle Volga

Abstract

Eight elites of Russian plum were created and transferred to the state test as a result of many years of breeding work on interstitial hybridization in the Samara region. According to the results of many years of observations and field surveys, the most frost-resistant varieties of Russian plum were identified; the nature of damage to plum plants in severe winters was studied. Experimental data proved the promise of growing Russian plum varieties in the Middle Volga region. The varieties Kompotnaya (23.6 kg per tree), Mara (19.4 kg), Smart (13.8 kg) and Poselkovskaya (10.4 kg) have high productivity. Ripening dates, weight and taste of fruits in Russian plum depend on the variety, air temperature and the amount of precipitation. The varieties possess large fruits (weighing 35-50 g) Kuban Comet, Found, elite Giantess, Canning, Dressy, 1/17. The best tastes were the varieties Kuban Comet (4.5 points), July Rose (4.4 points), Found (4.5 points), Pramen (4.5 points), the elite Long-awaited and Canned (4.4 points).