Abstract
Industrial plasticizer phthalate esters (PAEs) is commonly utilized in PVC products. One of the most widespread plastic additives, dibutyl phthalate (DBP), is a known endocrine disruptor in the environment. The high volatility and low durability of DBP mean that it is present in soil, water, and air and can be taken up by the roots of plants, where it may stunt their development. Soybean seeds were used in a series of experiments in which the effects of DBP on germination were measured at doses of 0, 0.1, 0.5, 1.0, 5.0, and 10.0 mg/L. Soluble sugar content, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), isocitrate lyase (ICL), and malate dehydrogenase (MDH) levels were evaluated on days 1, 3, 5, and 7. The results demonstrated that the concentration and duration of DBP treatment both contribute to the observable effect on soybean seeds. Soybean germination, antioxidant enzyme activity, and glyoxylate cycling enzyme activity were all stimulated by DBP at concentrations below 1 mg/L, and the stimulatory impact was negatively linked with increasing DBP concentration. Soybean seed germination, antioxidant enzyme activity, and glyoxylate cycling enzyme were all suppressed at concentrations of DBP >1mg/L. Inhibitory action was improved with an elevation of DBP concentration.