Genetic resources and features of clonal micropropagation of Far Eastern species of Actinidia

Abstract

The unique collection samples of the Far Eastern species of the genus Actinidia Lindley preserved in Federal Horticultural Center for Breeding, Agrotechnology and Nursery were analysed. The in vitro collection of Actinidia has been formed since 2005 in Tsitsin Main Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences and currently includes more than 40 cultivars belonging to 3 species of Actinidia: A. kolomikta (Rupr. еt Maxim) Maxim., A. arguta (Siebold et Zucc.) Planch. et Miq., and A. polygama (Siebold et Zucc.) Maxim. Easily reproducible, dependable method for clonal micropropagation of promising selected genotypes of Actinidia was optimized. It has been established regeneration features for the studied species of the genus Actinidia at the stage of micropropagation. A. kolomikta was characterized by a lower morphogenetic potential (multiplication coefficient 5.0) compared with other studied species. A. arguta and A. polygama were characterized by high multiplication coefficients, but no significant difference between them was present (8.0 and 7.7, respectively). The features of morphogenesis of male and female forms of A. kolomikta were revealed. The cultivars of the female forms had the highest multiplication coefficient (‘Universitetskaya’ 5.2, ‘Prelestnaya’ 5.2) compared with the male and bisexual forms (‘Adam’ 4.3 and ‘Dr. Szymanowski’ 4.3). The Quorin-Lepoivre nutrient medium supplemented with 6-Benzylaminopurine at a concentration of 0.5…1.0 mg L−1 was found to be effective at the micropropagation stage, and the use of β-indole acetic acid at a concentration 0.5…1.0 mg L−1 was better at the rooting stage.