Research on loan approval and credit risk based on the comparison of Machine learning models

Abstract

Nowadays, home loan is a frequently accessed component of people’s financing activities. Homeowners wants to increase the probability of loan acceptance, however banks seek to borrow money to low risk customers. This paper compared and examined the machine learning models to select when loan applicants evaluating their probability of success. This paper introduced the recommended models for the problem, explanations on how to use the selected model. 6 candidate models, including Logistic regression, Decision tree, Random Forest, support vector machine (SVM), Ada Boost and Neural Network are selected. The model selection process would focus on the model’s accuracy on test data as well as the interpretability of these models. The models’ result was interpreted to derive optimal strategies to be undertaken by both debtors and creditors. Throughout comparison between these models, logistic regression was the best in terms of interpretability and accuracy. Nonetheless, other models could bolster the decision-making process by examining their confusion matrices and the fitted importance of predictors in each model. This paper revealed practical implications of machine learning theories on home loan approval and credit risk and aimed to help decision making for both debtors and creditors.