First Sunyaev–Zel’dovich mapping with the NIKA2 camera: Implication of cluster substructures for the pressure profile and mass estimate

Abstract

The complete characterization of the pressure profile of high-redshift galaxy clusters, from their core to their outskirts, is a major issue for the study of the formation of large-scale structures. It is essential to constrain a potential redshift evolution of both the slope and scatter of the mass-observable scaling relations used in cosmology studies based on cluster statistics. In this paper, we present the first thermal Sunyaev–Zel’dovich (tSZ) mapping of a cluster from the sample of the New IRAM Kids Arrays (NIKA2) SZ large program that aims at constraining the redshift evolution of cluster pressure profiles and the tSZ-mass scaling relation. We observed the galaxy cluster PSZ2 G144.83+25.11 at redshift z = 0.58 with the NIKA2 camera, a dual-band (150 and 260 GHz) instrument operated at the Institut de Radioastronomie Millimtrique (IRAM) 30-m telescope. We identify a thermal pressure excess in the south-west region of PSZ2 G144.83+25.11 and a high-redshift sub-millimeter point source that affect the intracluster medium (ICM) morphology of the cluster. The NIKA2 data are used jointly with tSZ data acquired by the Multiplexed SQUID/TES Array at Ninety Gigahertz (MUSTANG), Bolocam, and Planck experiments in order to non-parametrically set the best constraints on the electronic pressure distribution from the cluster core (R ~ 0.02R500) to its outskirts (R ~ 3R500). We investigate the impact of the over-pressure region on the shape of the pressure profile and on the constraints on the integrated Compton parameter Y500. A hydrostatic mass analysis is also performed by combining the tSZ-constrained pressure profile with the deprojected electronic density profile from XMM-Newton. This allows us to conclude that the estimates of Y500 and M500 obtained from the analysis with and without masking the disturbed ICM region differ by 65% and 79%, respectively. This work highlights that NIKA2 will have a crucial impact on the characterization of the scatter of the Y500−M500 scaling relation due to its high potential to constrain the thermodynamic and morphological properties of the ICM when used in synergy with X-ray observations of similar angular resolution. This study also presents the typical products that will be delivered to the community for all clusters included in the NIKA2 tSZ Large Program.