The HD 93963 A transiting system: A 1.04 d super-Earth and a 3.65 d sub-Neptune discovered by TESS and CHEOPS
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Published:2022-10-28
Issue:
Volume:667
Page:A1
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ISSN:0004-6361
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Container-title:Astronomy & Astrophysics
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language:
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Short-container-title:A&A
Author:
Serrano L. M.ORCID, Gandolfi D.ORCID, Hoyer S.ORCID, Brandeker A.ORCID, Hooton M. J.ORCID, Sousa S.ORCID, Murgas F.ORCID, Ciardi D. R., Howell S. B., Benz W.ORCID, Billot N., Florén H.-G.ORCID, Bekkelien A.ORCID, Bonfanti A.ORCID, Krenn A.ORCID, Mustill A. J.ORCID, Wilson T. G.ORCID, Osborn H.ORCID, Parviainen H.ORCID, Heidari N., Pallé E.ORCID, Fridlund M.ORCID, Adibekyan V.ORCID, Fossati L.ORCID, Deleuil M.ORCID, Knudstrup E.ORCID, Collins K. A., Lam K. W. F., Grziwa S., Salmon S., Albrecht S. H., Alibert Y.ORCID, Alonso R.ORCID, Anglada-Escudé G.ORCID, Bárczy T., Barrado y Navascues D.ORCID, Barros S. C. C.ORCID, Baumjohann W.ORCID, Beck M., Beck T., Bieryla A.ORCID, Bonfils X., Boyd P. T., Broeg C., Cabrera J., Charnoz S.ORCID, Chazelas B., Christiansen J. L., Collier Cameron A.ORCID, Cortés-Zuleta P.ORCID, Csizmadia Sz., Davies M. B., Deline A., Delrez L., Demangeon O. D. S., Demory B.-O., Dunlavey A.ORCID, Ehrenreich D., Erikson A., Fortier A.ORCID, Fukui A., Garai Z.ORCID, Gillon M.ORCID, Güdel M.ORCID, Hébrard G., Heng K., Huang C. X., Isaak K. G., Jenkins J. M.ORCID, Kiss L. L.ORCID, Laskar J.ORCID, Latham D. W.ORCID, Lecavelier des Etangs A.ORCID, Lendl M.ORCID, Levine A. M., Lovis C., Lund M. B.ORCID, Magrin D., Maxted P. F. L., Narita N.ORCID, Nascimbeni V.ORCID, Olofsson G., Ottensamer R.ORCID, Pagano I.ORCID, Pessanha A. C. S. V., Peter G., Piotto G., Pollacco D., Queloz D.ORCID, Ragazzoni R., Rando N., Ratti F., Rauer H., Ribas I.ORCID, Ricker G., Rowden P.ORCID, Santos N. C.ORCID, Scandariato G.ORCID, Seager S., Ségransan D., Simon A. E.ORCID, Smith A. M. S., Steller M., Szabó Gy. M., Thomas N., Twicken J. D.ORCID, Udry S., Ulmer B., Van Grootel V.ORCID, Vanderspek R., Viotto V.ORCID, Walton N.ORCID
Abstract
We present the discovery of two small planets transiting HD 93963A (TOI-1797), a GOV star (M* = 1.109 ± 0.043M⊙, R* = 1.043 ± 0.009 R⊙) in a visual binary system. We combined TESS and CHEOPS space-borne photometry with MuSCAT 2 ground-based photometry, ‘Alopeke and PHARO high-resolution imaging, TRES and FIES reconnaissance spectroscopy, and SOPHIE radial velocity measurements. We validated and spectroscopically confirmed the outer transiting planet HD 93963 A c, a sub-Neptune with an orbital period of Pc ≈ 3.65 d that was reported to be a TESS object of interest (TOI) shortly after the release of Sector 22 data. HD 93963 A c has amass of Mc = 19.2 ± 4.1 M⊕ and a radius of Rc = 3.228 ± 0.059 R⊕, implying a mean density of ρc = 3.1 ± 0.7 g cm-3. The inner object, HD 93963 A b, is a validated 1.04 d ultra-short period (USP) transiting super-Earth that we discovered in the TESS light curve and that was not listed as a TOI, owing to the low significance of its signal (TESS signal-to-noise ratio ≈6.7, TESS + CHEOPS combined transit depth Db = 141.5−8.3+8.5 ppm). We intensively monitored the star with CHEOPS by performing nine transit observations to confirm the presence of the inner planet and validate the system. HD 93963 A b is the first small (Rb = 1.35 ± 0.042 R⊕) USP planet discovered and validated by TESS and CHEOPS. Unlike planet c, HD 93963 Ab is not significantly detected in our radial velocities (Mb = 7.8 ± 3.2 M⊕). The two planets are on either side of the radius valley, implying that they could have undergone completely different evolution processes. We also discovered a linear trend in our Doppler measurements, suggesting the possible presence of a long-period outer planet. With a V-band magnitude of 9.2, HD 93963 A is among the brightest stars known to host a USP planet, making it one of the most favourable targets for precise mass measurement via Doppler spectroscopy and an important laboratory to test formation, evolution, and migration models of planetary systems hosting ultra-short period planets.
Funder
ESA NASA CRT foundation CNES SNSA FCT Gemini LLP the National Science Foundation National Research Council Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología e Innovación Ministério da Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute STFC The Danish National Research Foundation NSF Swiss National Fund Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and European Regional Development Fund Generalitat de Catalunya/CERCA programme LSSTC Data Science Fellowship European Research Council Swiss National Science Foundation Belgian Federal Science Policy Office Wallonia-Brussels Federation Slovak Academy of Sciences Slovak Research and Development Agency Region Ile de France and the project Equip@Meso JSPS KAKENHI NINS Simons Foundation Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and the European Regional Development Fund Hungarian National Research, Development and Innovation Office Hungarian Academy of Science City of Szombathely
Subject
Space and Planetary Science,Astronomy and Astrophysics
Cited by
11 articles.
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