Intraoperative Cell Saving: Is the Solution the Actual Problem?

Abstract

Allogenic blood is a scarce, precious, and expensive resource that is not always available on demand. After termination of cardiopulmonary bypass, a large amount of residual pump blood remains in the extracorporeal circuit. The cell saver washes and concentrates this blood with .9% normal saline (NS), making autologous blood available and reducing the demand for allogenic blood. To quantify the quality of residual pump blood it was washed with either NS or a bicarbonate-buffered solution (Balsol). A qualitative in vitro analysis was conducted. Residual cardiopulmonary bypass blood from forty bypass circuits was processed with a cell saver device, using NS or Balsol solution. Measurements made compared the pH, electrolytes, metabolites, hematocrit, hemoglobin, osmolality, albumin, total protein, and strong ion difference. There were significant differences between the NS and Balsol groups. In the Balsol group, osmolality, electrolytes, and strong ion difference were similar to the constitution of Balsol solution after washing, but not with the normal saline group. Washing residual cardiopulmonary bypass pump blood with Balsol solution results in a resuspended red cell concentrate with a superior electrolyte profile and a strong ion difference similar to that of residual pump blood.