Abstract
Abstract. In electron-positron annihilation, the process of e+e− → χc1 can occur via the production of two virtual photons or through neutral current, therefore being suppressed with respect to the normal annihilation process via one virtual photon. Using a dedicated scan sample around the χc1 mass, the direct production of χc1 has been established for the first time in experiments. This provides a new approach for the study of the internal nature of hadrons.