Forbidden transitions in nuclear weak processes relevant to neutrino detection, nucleosynthesis and evolution of stars

Abstract

The distribution of the spin-dipole strengths in 16O and neutrino-induced reactions on 16O areinvestigated by shell-model calculations with new shell-model Hamiltonians. Chargedcurrent and neutral-current reactioncross sections are valuated in various particle and γ emission channels as well as the total ones at neutrinoenergies up to Eν≈ 100 MeV. Effects of multiparticle emission channels, especially the αp emission channels, on nucleosynthesis of 11B and 11C in core-collapse supernova explosions are investigated. The MSW neutrino oscillation effects oncharged-current reaction cross sections are investigated for future supernova burst. Electron capture rates for a forbidden transition 20Ne(Og.s.+) → 20F(2g.s.+) in stellar environments are evaluated by the multipole expansion method with the use of shell model Hamiltonians, and compared with those obtained by a prescription that treats the transition as an allowed GamowTeller (GT) transition. Different electron energy dependence of the transition strengths between the two methods is found to lead to sizable differences in the weak rates of the two methods.