Optimization of Bio Asphalt Derived from Pyrolysis Bio Oil for Bitumen Modification

Abstract

Due to inadequate crude oil supply and a rising demand for petroleum asphalt in roadconstruction, the asphalt sector faces a continuing shortage. Continous research was conducted on renewable materials such as bio-oils derived via pyrolysis from local palm oil industries. Bio-oil is currently a viable option due to its renewability, environmental friendliness, and variety of sources. Despite numerous studies indicating that biooils enhance the properties of bitumen, the research on the effects of PKS biooil on bitumen properties is minimal and needed further investigations. The application of 2,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) in this study is established to enhance the properties of bio-oil modified bitumen. The objectives of this study are to analyse the relationship between the percentage andratio of PKS bio-oil and 2,4-diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) of the modified bitumen, its physical and chemical effects and the optimization of bio-asphalt mixture after the 2,4diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) has been blended with PKS bio-oil and bitumen. PKS bio-oil and MDI were applied into the bitumen as additive and replacement of bitumen at 3%, 5% and 7% with two different ratios; 1.0:0.6 and 1.0:1.0. The functional groups of the bitumen are identified using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) analysis. The result generated from FTIR analysis showed that the modified bitumen samples were slightly different when compared to the conventional bitumen regarding the functional group. Response surface methodology (RSM)was implemented to determine the statistical analysis and optimum amount of PKS bio-oil and MDI content in the bitumen, through central composite design.