Calculation of the working element for layer-by-layer soil-free tillage

Abstract

The paper proves the scheme and proposes a technique of engineering calculation of the working element for layer-by-layer soil-free tillage in conditions of insufficient moisture. Soil treatment causes significant changes in the volume ratio of the solid, liquid and gaseous phases influencing the chemical, physico-chemical and biological processes, accelerating or slowing down the rate of synthesis and destruction of organic matter. Soil cultivation creates favorable physical conditions for soil fertility. It continues to be one of the most important ways to control weeds, pests and diseases of crops. However, the use of known working elements for soil cultivation does not allow to intensify all the factors ensuring the increase and reproduction of effective fertility. The most effective way to achieve this can be the use of a working organ that decompresses the lower horizons, providing differential crumbling of soil layers, creating a mulch layer on the surface and increasing erosion resistance, i.e. layer-by-layer loosening. This improves the structure of the soil, moisture accumulation and aeration of the root layer, which activates the processes of nitrification and will allow plants to use additional nutrients.