Modeling Slope Topography Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Image Technique

Abstract

Nowadays, a wide range of site planning, field investigation and slope analysis need to be carried out for slope protection and landslide-related disaster reduction. To enhance the efficiency of topography modeling, unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) has become a new surveying technique to obtain spatial information. This study aims to determine the topography of a slope by using a digital camera mounted on UAV to photograph with a high degree of overlap. The 3D point clouds data were generated through image feature point extraction integrated with accurate GPS ground control points. It is found in this study that the obtained Digital Surface Model (DSM) data, compared with the traditional field surveying techniques, has much superior performance. The resolution of the DSM has reached 1.58 cm. Also, the error of elevation and distance between DSM and actual 3D coordinates obtained by traditional total station survey is acceptance. It is clear that such a UAV surveying technique can replace conventional surveying methods and provide complete and accurate 3D topography information in automatic and highly efficient manner for most geotechnical applications.