1. Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;
2. Servizio di Epidemiologia Clinica delle Malattie Respiratorie, Istituti Clinici Scientifici MaugeriIRCCS, Tradate Italy;
3. Public Health Consulting Group, Lugano, Switzerland;
4. Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy;, Department of Medicine and Cardiopulmonary Rehabilitation, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, Tradate, Italy;
5. Blizard Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK;
6. Department of Pulmonary Diseases and Tuberculosis, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands;, University Medical Center Groningen, TB Center Beatrixoord, University of Groningen, Haren, the Netherlands;
7. UCL Respiratory, University College London, UK;, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.