Applicability of High-Entropy Alloys

Abstract

In the 21st century a new chapter in materials science has been opened with the appearance of high-entropy alloys (HEA). These alloys differ from conventional alloys, they contain five or more elements in roughly equal amounts which are often based on a single main element (base metal) to which one or more other elements are added in small amounts to achieve the desired properties. High entropy alloys exhibit simple crystal structures due to high entropy, such as lattices that are body-centered cubic (BCC), face-centered cubic (FCC). In conventional alloys, diffusion inhibition is often achieved by using small amounts of alloying elements to increase the number of lattice defects or by creating secondary phases that block atomic motion. In high-entropy alloys, the large number of different elements results in high entropy, which can lead to slower diffusion due to the disorder of the atomic arrangement. This property can be beneficial in terms of corrosion resistance and suitability for use at high temperatures.. High-entropy alloys possess exceptional mechanical properties, corrosion resistance, and high-temperature behavior, making them promising alternatives to conventional alloys in fields such as aerospace and aviation, where materials must perform under extreme environmental conditions. However, the economic production and processing of HEAs remains a challenge, which limits their widespread application. Additional research and development are required to fully realize the potential of HEAs and to replace conventional alloys on a larger scale.