Heating Efficiency of Green Synthesized Fe₃O₄ Nanoparticles Utilizing <i>Moringa oleifera</i> Extract for Magnetic Hyperthermia Applications

Abstract

The potential application for magnetic hyperthermia of green synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles using Moringa Oleifera (MO) extract was investigated. We modified the amount of MO extract solution by 10 and 20 mL to determine its effect on microstructure, magnetic properties, and heating efficiency of Fe3O4. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements revealed that the samples had an inverse spinel cubic structure with an average crystallite size of 14.7-19.9 nm. The magnetic characteristics of nanoparticles show saturation magnetization are 55 emu/g for 10 mL and 38 emu/g for 20 mL MO extract solution variation. The temperature rise profile formed by nanoparticles had the maximum specific absorption rate (SAR) value of 2.54 W/g at a frequency of 20 kHz and an alternating field amplitude of 100 Oe for 10 mL MO extract solution variation and minimum value of 0.4 W/g at a frequency of 10 kHz and an alternating field amplitude of 100 Oe for 20 mL MO extract solution variation. According to the results, green synthesized Fe3O4 nanoparticles using MO have the promising in future to be a magnetic hyperthermia agent.