Microbial Biofilm Formation on Vanillin Incorporated Surgical Obturator Resin

Abstract

Self-cure poly-methyl methacrylate (PMMA) resin has been the material commonly used for fabrication of surgical obturator. The appliance is used in the cancer patient after surgical removal of the affected maxillofacial tissues. However, wearing of this resin appliance can enhance a condition for microbial biofilm aggregation and put patients at increased risk of infection. Vanillin-incorporated heat-cure PMMA resin and self-cure PMMA resin have been developed and demonstrated to have antimicrobial activity. This study aimed to evaluate antimicrobial property of vanillin-incorporated self-cure PMMA obturator resin on the biofilm formation of C. albicans and S. aureus. The resin samples (Orthocryl® EQ, Dentaurum, Germany) were prepared with vanillin incorporation (0.1% and 0.5% vanillin). All samples were coated with sterile saliva and incubated at 37 °C for 60 min. The Staphylococcus aureus ATCC 5638 and Candida albicans ATCC 10231 suspensions (107 colony forming unit/mL) were prepared and microbial biofilm formation was done in 96-well plate at 37°C for 24 h. The amount of biofilm was quantified by Cell Counting Kit WST-8 (Dojindo Molecular Technologies, USA) at 450 nm. All tests were performed in triplicate on three separate occasions. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test were used for the statistical analysis. It was found that approximately 52% and 48% biofilm reductions were observed in 0.1% and 0.5% vanillin groups against S.aureus compared with 0% vanillin (control group) whereas 46% and 54% biofilm reductions were seen against C. albicans biofilm. In conclusion, the incorporation of vanillin in surgical obturator PMMA resin was demonstrated to have antimicrobial property against biofilm formation of S. aureus and C. albicans. This can help the patient who wears surgical obturator for the prevention of opportunistic infections.