Effect of Microstructure on Magnetic Properties of Nd-Fe-B Permanent Magnet

Abstract

The new Nd-Fe-B magnets were prepared by powder metallurgical processing. The thermal stability and magnetic properties were found to be remarkably improved after annealing at 680 °C for 2 h. The Br, and Hc, BH of annealed magnets were improved by-0.04 T, 132 KA·m-1, 22 KJ·m-3, from 1.25 T, 882 KA·m-1, 286 KJ·m-3 of the as-sintered magnets, respectively. The losses and average temperature coefficients of magnetic properties were very low at 373 K. Compare with the as-sintered magnets, the magnetic property losses of the annealed magnets decreased by half at different temperature. Scanning electron microscopy on magnets did reveal a noticeable difference in phase morphology, and found that the improvements of thermal stability and magnetic properties can be attributed to the change of magnetic domain wall motion, composition, stray demagnetizing fields, and microstructure. The new Nd-Fe-B preferment magnets are promising to use in the all-electric bus hub direct drive motor.