Technologies for Manufacturing of Moisture-Resistant Products from Modified Wood

Abstract

Wood, as a finishing and building material, has always been given special attention. Wood has many positive properties, but it's no secret that faced with its shortcomings such as fragility, instability of form and susceptibility to decay, people often prefer synthetic materials, putting aside the ecology and useful properties of wood and choosing the long life of non-natural materials. In this regard experts around the world are constantly searching for new solutions aimed at improving the physical, mechanical and operational properties of wood, which would allow a person to limit the use of artificially created analogs of natural materials and enjoy the atmosphere of tranquility and appeasement in a house that can create a tree. Analyzing the knowledge and skills of previous generations the author of the article took as a basis various technologies of deep processing with the aim of improving the quality, extending the service life and expanding the scope of its use, thanks to which a new modern moisture resistant "hardened" tree is created for furniture, interior, finishing elements for garden houses and plots. Experiments have been carried out to investigate the biological resistance of wood thermo modified in five different technologies: vacuum-convective thermal modification in a superheated steam, convective thermal modification in a saturated high-pressure steam environment, thermal modification of wood in hydrophobic liquids, thermal modification of wood in a flue gas environment and vacuum-conductive thermal modification. The degree of moisture resistance of the samples is calculated, which makes it possible to conclude that the mass of thermo-modified wood is significantly lower, caused by the destructive effect of fungi, as compared to untreated samples. The most optimal technology for structures involving close contact with water or soil is determined.