The Effects of Cytokinins on Plant Regeneration of Vetiver Grass (Vetiveria nemoralis A. Camus cv. Roiet)

Abstract

The optimum ratios of auxin and cytokinin are necessary for callus induction and plant regeneration. This ratio is a key function involving in the promoting cell division and proliferation in tissue culture. The axillary buds of in vitro plantlets fromVetiveria nemoralisA. Camuscv. Roiet were used as explants for the callus induction experiment. These explants were cultured on Murashige & Skoog (MS) medium [1] supplemented with various combinations of auxins and cytokinins. Under this experimental study, the highest frequency of callus induction was found on MS medium supplemented with 2 mgL-1α-naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) and 1 mgL-12-furanylmethyl-1H-purine-6-amine (kinetin) (62.5%). On the other hand the combination of 2, 4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2, 4-D) and 6-benzylaminopurine (BAP) was toxicity to this explants. All culturing explants were dead and no calli appearance. The calli derived from each medium were transferred into the same regeneration medium (MS with 1 mgL-1NAA and 2 mgL-1BAP). After culturing on regeneration medium, calli induced from the highest callus induction medium have shown high frequencies of regeneration and also shoot number per callus (58.33% and 7.1 shoots).