The Analysis of Landscape Pattern Evolution of Coastal Area in Shanghai Hangzhou Bay North Shore

Abstract

This paper chooses Shanghai Hangzhou Bay north shore as the study area, to analyze the change of landscape pattern from 1994 to 2007, the data adopts 1994 aerial image and remote sensing image with 5m resolution of 2003 and 2007, land is divided into 11 types: urban land, rural land, factory, farm land, undeveloped land, beach, forest, water, fish ponds, road and railway. FragState3.0 is used to select Class Area (CA), Percentage of Landscape (PLAND), Number of Patches (NP), Patch density (PD), Patch Richness (PR), Shannons Diversity Index (SHDI), Shannons Evenness Index (SHEI) and Dominance (D) to analyze the landscape pattern, the research results reveal that: (1) The law of landscape change in Hangzhou Bay during urbanization process is: water and farmland is converted to undeveloped land at first, thereafter the most part of undeveloped land is converted to factory, the dominant landscape is farmland and its CA change also is the most significant from 44.88% to 34.61% with variation amplitude of 10.27%; (2) From 1994 to 2007, except rural and farmland landscape, the NP of other landscapes increased to varying degrees, fragmentation have increased; (3) Landscape-level indices rise steadily, the SHDI values are relatively high, and all show rising trend; SHEI value is close to 1, indicating the various landscape types is evenly distributed.