Uptake Test the Content of Ambient SO₂(Sulphur Dioxide) and NO₂ (Nitrogen Dioxide) Compounds in Lichen Thalli in Urban, Sub Urban and Forest in Surakarta, Central Java, Indonesia

Abstract

Lichen or commonly known as symbiotic organism lies between fungi and algae. It is a non vascular simple organism and it is very sensitive to environmental conditions. The research method used was an exploration. It was then continued with the analysis of the pollutant uptake test by a spectrophotometer. To determine the sampling point, the purposive sampling technique was used. The study was divided into 3 main areas based on the environmental differences, namely urban, suburban and forest. There were about 30 trees sticked by corticolous lichens. The pollutant parameters measured were SO2 (sulfur dioxide) and NO2 (nitrogen dioxide). The air quality data were the secondary data such as NO2 and SO2 ambient air that issued by the Environmental Services (DLH) of Surakarta Government Central Java Indonesia. The range of NO2 ambient content in the research locations, namely in the city of Surakarta and the suburban of Jaten Karanganyar was still below the Ambient Air Quality Standards (ABML) issued by the Government, which ranged from 4.29 - 49.72 μg / Nm3.3. The Quality Standard values for ambient NO2 were 316 and μg / Nm3. At the same time, the ambient SO2 values ranged from 0.153 to 36.74 μg / Nm3, still below the threshold of Ambient Air Quality Standards for SO2 issued by the Government on 632 μg / Nm3. The values for SO2 content in the lichen thalli ranged from 0.17 to 4.05 and it was from 0.773 to 4.03 for the NO2 content. The SO2 and NO2 content values in the lichen thalus found in lichens that grow in urban areas are the highest than in urban and forest suburbs. There is a content of pollutant compounds that are identical between thalus lichen and pollutants in the atmosphere (ambient air) so that lichen thalus is able to absorb pollutant compounds in the atmosphere which can be characterized by the morphological characters of thalli that live in urban, suburban and forests. We will be able to publish your paper in electronic form on our web page http://www.scientific.net if the paper format and the margins are correct. Your manuscript will be reduced by approximately 20% by the publisher. Please keep this in mind when designing your figures and tables, etc.