The Impact of Hybrid Nano-Materials in Tooth Tissue Restoration

Abstract

Tooth loss due to dental diseases, caries, and other related pathological conditions has plagued people and is the most prevalent cause of human organ failure. Billions of people have suffered from losing teeth and dental diseases so that generating natural dental tissues are more appreciated than artificial tooth implantation. The aspiration among the dentists to restore this loss biologically is the genesis of the tooth regeneration. Current trends initiate tissue engineering with a concept of functional restoration of tissue and organ defects by the triad of biomaterial scaffolds, growth factors, and stem cells (Rosa et al. 2012). This paper, therefore, focuses on the significance of nanostructured hybrid materials in the tooth regeneration through tissue engineering. For this purpose, literature was examined and studies on nanomorphological features of stem cells, dental tissues found within the oral area, the signaling molecules utilized in the tissue engineering, and the hybrid scaffolds that guide reconstructions of periodontal tissues were selected for the review. The nanodentistry has been potential, undoubtedly, to achieve almost perfect dental health in the nearest future. However, the success will largely be determined by human requirements and resource supply (technology, economy, and time). Finally, the future and actual potentials of nanotechnologies pertaining tissue engineering will be applied in dentistry (Mitziadis, Woloszyk, & Jimenez-Rojo, 2012).Keywords: Stem cells; scaffolds; nanomaterials; hybrid materials, tissue engineering; dentistry; signaling molecules.