Effect of Carbonate-Apatite on Bone Repair in Non-Critical Size Defect of Rat Calvaria

Abstract

The objective of this study was to investigate the bone repair of carbonate apatite (cHA) in comparison to hydroxyapatite (HA, control group), on osseous repair of non-critical size defect in rat calvaria. Spheres (400<ø>500μm) of both materials were synthesized under 37°C (cHA) and 90°C (HA) and were not sintered. Fifteen rats Wistar were submitted to general anesthesia and two perforations (4mm each) were made, one in each parietal bone, for implantation of cHA (left side) and HA spheres (right side). After 1, 3 and 6 weeks, five animals of each group were killed and the two fragments with the biomaterial were collected from the calvaria. The bone blocks with biomaterial were demineralized and 5μm thick semi-serial sections were done for histological analysis. The experimental group of 6 weeks did not show the presence of spheres of both biomaterials and few spheres were observed after 1 and 3 weeks. Histological analysis showed the connective tissue repairing the surgical defect after 1 week and newly formed bone after 3 weeks of surgery. Thus, we concluded both materials are biocompatible, promote osteoconduction and in all studied periods the biomaterials showed to be resorbable.