ECONOMIC AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF MARKET REGULATION OF SOCIALLY SIGNIFICANT PRODUCTS IN UKRAINE AND POLAND

Abstract

Purpose. The article is devoted to the economic and legal aspects of regulating the market of socially significant goods and services in Ukraine and the Republic of Poland. State regulation of the cost of products and other socially significant goods was introduced in Ukraine at the legislative level in order to provide additional social and economic guarantees in connection with the spread of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19), and continues during martial law. Scientific approaches to understanding the concepts of socially significant goods and socially significant market are considered. The article analyzes the basic legal acts and economic aspects of regulating the market of socially significant goods and services in Ukraine and strategicgoods in the Republic of Poland. In particular, the following were studied: Law of Ukraine “On prices and pricing”, Resolutions of the Cabinet of Ministers of Ukraine “On measures to stabilize prices for goods of significant social significance, goods of anti-epidemic purpose”, “On regulation of prices for certain types of food products and ensuring the stable operation of manufacturers of food in conditions of martial law”, Law of the Republic of Poland “On foreign trade in goods, technologies and services of strategic importance for the security of the state, as well as for the maintenance of international peace and security, and amendments to some laws”, Resolution of the Ministry of Economy of the Republic of Poland “About the list of goods of strategic importance”. Such important factors as control and responsibility, which contribute to the effective implementation of legal norms in the sphere of price regulation of socially significant goods and services, and as a consequence the achievement of an economic result, have been studied. The price policy for socially significant goods in Ukraine and Poland has been studied, their comparative characteristics have been made, attention has been focused on dairy products. It was established that the average price of socially significant goods in Ukraine is more expensive than in Poland. Design/methodology/approach. The following methods are used in the work: analysis and synthesis – for the analysis of modern regulatory and legal aspects of the regulation of the market of socially significant goods and services in Ukraine and strategic goods in the Republic of Poland; the systematic method was used in the study of average prices for socially significant goods in Poland in July, 2023; the statistical method was used in the study of statistical data of Ukraine, namely in the substantiation of the dynamics of average prices for socially significant goods in Ukraine; the comparison method was used when comparing the average prices for milk in Ukraine and in Poland over the last five years. The purpose of the article is to study the economic and legal aspects of the regulation of the market of socially significant goods and services in Ukraine and the Republic of Poland, in particular, regulatory and legal regulation and economic issues of this sphere. Findings. We have confirmed the hypothesis regarding the sufficient level of regulatory and legal support for the functioning of socially significant goods within Ukraine and Poland. The hypothesis that the average price of socially significant goods in Ukraine is more expensive than in Poland was partially confirmed. For example, milk prices in stores in Poland are cheaper than in stores in Ukraine for 2018–2022, and prices for meat products and potatoes are more expensive in Poland than in Ukraine. Practical implications. The results of the research will be useful to farmers, scientists and entrepreneurs who study the problems of the agricultural sector. Originality/value. The basic legal acts and economic aspects of the regulation of the market of socially significant goods and services in Ukraine and strategic goods in the Republic of Poland are analyzed, a comparison of the price policy for socially significant goods in Poland and in Ukraine is made.