Spontaneous and forced decay of atomic nuclei realized in two stages

Abstract

The main purpose of the work is to determine the possibility of cluster decays of superheavy atomic nuclei. The universality of the principle of similarity allows you to apply it to the analysis of not studied physical processes. Analogies are observed in forced and spontaneous decays of atomic nuclei. It is shown that in two stages, processes initiated by external influence are realized: fragmentation reactions, forced fission of stable nuclei, and impact radioactivity. Nuclear reactions of fragmentation and forced fission of stable isotopes of lead and bismuth are realized under the action of particles (hadrons) and light atomic nuclei with a kinetic energy of more than 108 eV. Shock radioactivity is observed in the collision of macroobjects having a crystalline structure at speeds of at least ∼1 km/s. Also, in two stages, some radioactive decays of atomic nuclei are realized, including extremely rare cluster decays. Based on the analogies of the processes considered, some cautious predictions are made about the possibility of cluster decays of atomic nuclei in a wide range of atomic masses.