Are Green Technology and Plant-Derived Nanomaterials the Way Forward to Halal-Certified Food Products?

Abstract

The wide utilization of intricate and innovative nanotechnology products with a size less than 100 nm is still uncertain due to its potential long-term health risk and environmental hazards. One of the main factors that contributes to its slow commercialization progress is nanotoxicity, that is associated to the nanomaterials synthesis and methodology used in their production. This paper provides an overview on nanotechnology, nanotoxicity, and nanofabrication techniques using green chemistry. Information regarding halal food guidelines and regulations are included. The question of whether the production of safer bio-based nanomaterials is able to meet halal compliance is addressed. This paper also highlights some of the challenges and limitation faced by the industry in adopting the green and eco-friendly nanotechnology that will support the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Although many studies had proven that green synthesis methodology produces safer nanomaterials but insufficient data on toxicological studies and life cycle assessments have delayed the establishment of legislation on nanomaterials application, as a consequence, hinders the development of halal regulations and guidelines for nano-based or nano-ingredients in the halal food industry.