Prevalence, Antibiotics Susceptibility Profile of <i>Listeria Monocytogenes</i>, and Its Associated Risk Factors Among Pregnant Women Attending Millennium Health Center

Author:

Lemma Fikru1,Adinew Alegntaw2,Reda Dawit3,Gidebo Deresse3,Bankere Assefa2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Werabe University, Werabe, Ethiopia

2. Department of Medical Laboratory Science, Hawassa College of Health Sciences, Hawassa, Ethiopia

3. Department of Microbiology, School of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Hawassa University, Hawassa, Ethiopia

Abstract

<i>Background</i>: <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i> is a facultative intracellular pathogen that causes serious invasive infections in pregnant women, resulting in disseminated fetal infections, abortions, and still-births. Although it causes a greater burden on pregnant women and their infants, the case in Ethiopia is overlooked, and there is a scarcity of data on <i>L. monocytogenes,</i> particularly in the southern parts of Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and, antibiotics susceptibility of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> and its associated risk factors among pregnant women attending the Millennium Health Center, Hawassa, Ethiopia. <i>Method</i>: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 203 pregnant women between May 30 and July 30, 2022. Socio-demographic data and 5 ml venous blood samples were collected from pregnant women using structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 25. Bivariate logistic regression was carried out then variables with <i>p</i><0.25 were further analyzed by multivariate logistic regressions, <i>p</i>-values <0.05 were accepted as statistically significant. <i>Results</i>: The overall prevalence of <i>L. monocytogenes</i> among pregnant women was found to be 11/203 (5.42%; 95% CI=2.88-9.38). <i>L. monocytogenes</i> was resistant to benzyl penicillin (90.91%) and meropenem (81.82%), but susceptible to ampicillin (90.91%). Raw meat (AOR=6.99; 95% CI=1.39-35.14), <i>p</i>=0.018), uncooked vegetables (AOR=6.62; 95% CI=1.04-42.30), <i>p</i>=0.046), unpasteurized milk (AOR=7.56; 95% CI=1.33-42.97), <i>p</i>=0.023) and fever (AOR=14.65; 95% CI=3.15-68.15), <i>p</i>=0.001) were significantly associated with <i>L. monocytogenes</i> infection. <i>Conclusion</i>: <i>L. monocytogenes</i> was resistant to benzyl penicillin, meropenem, erythromycin, and sulfamethoxazole but susceptible to ampicillin. Raw meat, uncooked vegetables, unpasteurized milk, and fever were significantly associated with <i>L. monocytogenes</i>.

Publisher

Science Publishing Group

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