1. Brain and Spinal Injury Center, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital; Departments of
2. Neurological Surgery,
3. Weill Institutes for Neuroscience;
4. Orthopaedic Surgery and Orthopedic Trauma Institute, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital;
5. Orthopedic Surgery,
6. San Francisco Veterans Affairs Healthcare System;
7. Anesthesia and Perioperative Care,
8. Neurology, and
9. Institute for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Spine Center, University of California San Francisco;
10. Department of Neurological Surgery, University of California San Francisco–Fresno, Fresno, California
11. Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Zuckerberg San Francisco General Hospital, San Francisco; and
12. Emergency Medicine, University of California San Francisco;