1. Institute of Medical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, and
2. Department of Neurosurgery, National Neuroscience Institute, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia;
3. Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, St Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada;
4. Department of Neurology and Critical Care, Robert Wood Johnson University Hospital, New Brunswick, New Jersey; and
5. Li Ka Shing Centre for Healthcare Analytics Research and Training, Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences;
6. Neuroscience Research Program, Keenan Research Centre of the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of St. Michael’s Hospital; and
7. Stroke Outcomes and Decision Neuroscience Research Unit, St. Michael’s Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada