Back to basal: contemporary cerebrovascular cohort study of the supratentorial-infraoccipital approach

Abstract

OBJECTIVE The objective of this paper was to assess applications of the supratentorial-infraoccipital (STIO) approach for cerebrovascular neurosurgery. METHODS The authors conducted a cohort study of all consecutive cases in which the STIO approach was used during the study period, December 1995 to January 2021, as well as a systematic review of the literature. RESULTS Twenty-five cerebrovascular cases were identified in which the STIO approach was used. Diagnoses included arteriovenous malformation (n = 15), cerebral cavernous malformation (n = 5), arteriovenous fistula (n = 4), and aneurysm (n = 1). The arteriovenous malformations consisted of Spetzler-Martin grade II (n = 3), grade III (n = 8), and grade IV (n = 4) lesions. Lesion locations included the occipital lobe (n = 15), followed by the tentorial dural (n = 4), temporal-occipital (n = 3), temporal (n = 1), thalamic (n = 1), and quadrigeminal cistern (n = 1) regions. Many patients (75%) experienced transient visual deficits attributable to retraction of the occipital lobe, all of which resolved. As of last follow-up (n = 12), modified Rankin Scale scores had improved for 6 patients and were unchanged for 6 patients compared with the preoperative baseline. CONCLUSIONS The STIO approach is a safe and effective skull base approach that provides a specialized access corridor for appropriately selected cerebrovascular lesions.