Bone involvement predicts poor outcome in atypical meningioma

Abstract

Object The authors identified clinical features associated with progression and death in atypical meningioma (AM). Methods Forty-seven cases of primary AM treated at Massachusetts General Hospital were retrospectively evaluated for clinical features. Associations with progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were assessed. Results The estimated median PFS was 56 months (95% CI 35 months–not estimable). The overall 3- and 5-year PFS rates were 65% (95% CI 44–80%) and 48% (95% CI 26–67%), respectively. The median survival time and 5- and 10-year survival rates were 158 months (95% CI 103 months–not estimable), and 86% (95% CI 69–94%) and 61% (95% CI 35–79%), respectively. Subtotal resection was associated with increased rate of progression compared to gross-total resection (p = 0.05) and trended toward an association with decreased survival (p = 0.09). Bone involvement was associated with an increased rate of disease progression (p = 0.001) and decreased survival (p = 0.04). Bone involvement remained significantly associated with progression after Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons (p = 0.008) and in bivariate Cox regression models. Seventy-eight percent of patients with bone involvement at primary diagnosis had tumor recurrence within bone, whereas only 25% of patients without evidence of bone invasion at primary diagnosis experienced osseous recurrence. Conclusions Osseous involvement is associated with a poor outcome in patients with AMs; bone assessment is therefore extremely important. Further investigation is warranted to assess the effectiveness of bone resection and/or bone-directed radiation therapy in improving outcome.